Alloy



. an alloy,

1 employ Patented Jan. 13,

AIDWAY, NEAR SHEFFIELD, ENGLAND. v

HARRY No Drawing.

To all whom. it may .130. it known that Limbcrlost, near Shetlield, in the land. a subject of the King of and Ireland, have invented certain new anc usei'nl Improvements 111 or Alloys, of which the tion.

Alloys comprising ments or constituents,

heretofore been proposed,

and carbon have concern l, 'I'lARRY Twentywoll Lane,

n'rcnELLs, or an s PATENT. OFFICE.

v ALLOY.

Application filed October 22, 1924. Serial No. 745,229.

ErorrELLs, of Bradway, county of Derby, Eng- Great-Britain Relating to followm IS a s )ecificaas the principal elenickel, chromium, iron the respective proportions varying within wide limits.

iron constituting For instance, the proportion of nickel has varied from 0.57 the chromium from 3% carbon from 0.2% to 1%,

the balance.

to 80%, that of to 4.0%, that of the and that of the loys embodying nickel and carbon contents have had 0.30%

of carbon with the nickel content of 25% upwardsfwh-ile in alloys containing a nic content of 20% to 25 to have a carbon 0.20% to 0.50%.

as the minimum proportion and kel it has been proposed content varyingfrom Such alloys are prepared by melting the constituents together, or

by reducing e oxides of the constituent metals by suitable agents.

The object of this including elements or tional properties in and corrosive action of the acids,

constituents,

invention is to provide the aforesaid principal possessing excep resisting the stainin alkalies an salts usually encountered in the preparation of food,in the machinery of general sanitation, and in many industrial processes, in

which connection it is essential that the carkept the bon content be order to increase lessness.

My invention is a minimum' ossible in the stainas low as ductility an characterized in that I nickel content of 26%,

with a maximum carbon content of 0.25% for that proportion and over it, together with the chromium and iron in various proportions.

The particular proportions of the principal elements or constituents invention vary bodying my limits depending 7 upon the service of the articles made from it, such limits being as follows: nickel, 26% to 30%; iron, 25% t ceeding 0.25%.

to 50%; chromium, 5% o 69%; carbon, not ex- All suchal-- tov tensile strength,

will not stain or combination with, the nickel, so long as the cobalt alone, or the cobalt and'nickel in combination, are used in the proportion of 26% Cobalt has ahnost thesame prop erties as nickel, theonly objection being that it makes the alloy more expensive. Hence I denominate cobalt or'a mixture of cobalt and nickel or nickel, a nickel-like metal.

It will be appreciated that the physical properties otthe alloy will be. somewhat modified by varying the proportions of the elements or constituents designated as impurities (hereinafter, for the sake of brevity, referred to in the appended. claiins,'as additions) whether the, same be added or whether they occur as impurities, in regard working; but'the alloys' resistance to corrosion will not be vitally impaired and it will still be capable oftaking a fine polish and resisting staining by the usual agents, such as vinegar and other food acids.

In order to more particularly describe the characteristics and properties referred to, it may be mentioned that an alloy containing substantially z-nickel, 30% chromium, 11% iron, 58%; carbon, 0.15%; manganese, 0.35%; silicon, 0.20%; sulphur," 0.02%; phosphorus, 0.02%; aluminium, tracewould give the following tensile properties in its forged condition, on V diameter section: yield point, 25 tons per sguare inch; maximum stress, 42.5 tons per square inch; elongation, 38% on a 2" length; reduction of area", 54.8 Brinell hardness, 156.

Such an alloy, 0r any'other alloy made according to this invention, will be machinable and will roll in the hot or cold state. It will stamp satisfactorily by the usual methods of preparing such objects as spoons and forks, and may be drawn into wire by the usual processes. Further, it will have a leasing colour and a silvery lustre rendermg'it particularly suitable for table and decorative ware.

ductility andease of Such an alloy will be ractieally non:cor-" rosive in 5% strength of iydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid or nitric acid with water.

tarnish when immersed in vinegar, or the water in which green too vegetables have been boiled, and is thus en -l-- I inently'suitable for the manufacture of cooking utensils and'food-pr'eserving utensils.

Such an alloy will show remarkable resistance to corrosion by sea water and atmospheric a ents generally, and by reason of its remarka le physical characteristics may be used for many engineering purposes.

Apart from the cost of the constituent materials, the cost of preparing these alloys is such as to-render them competitive with existing methods for the manufacture of cutlery and similar purposes, while the development of their properties without frequent and expensive heat treatment renders them economical in the processof manufacture.

\Vhere the alloy is produced by a method of reduction of the oxides of the principal metals, any one metal or proportion thereof may be used with the remainder as oxides, or any of the metals maybe used with the oxide of the remaining one, but where oxides are used any or all of the reducing agents, such as silicon, magnesium; and aluminium, must be used.

Among the uses be put are v (1) Manufacture of decorative articles in ships and railway coaches, for lamp reflecto which the alloy may ors, mountings onstove grates, and bright etal decorations generally, which are re- 1 uired to maintain their lust-re.

(12 Manufacture of tableware, such .as for spoons, waiters, sugar-bowls, bowls, vases, ash-trays, etc.

(3 Manufacture of cooking utensils, milk cans and food transporting and preserving containers generally.

( 1) Manufacture of valves and various mechanical parts exposed to sea water, di-

. ters Patent is 1. An alloy having as the principal constituent, a'nickel-likemetal, chromium, iron and carbon, the proportions of the nickellike metal being 30%; those of the chromi- -um-being 11%; those of the iron being 58% and those of the carbon being 0.15%; the balance being impurities.

2. An alloy having, as the principal constituents, a nickel-like metal',"chromi um, iron and carbon, the proportions of the nickellike metal being 30 per cent, those of the chromium being 11 per cent, those of the iron being 58 per cent and those of the car'- bon being 0.15 percent, the balance being manganese, silicon, sulphur, phosphorus and aluminium.

3. -An alloy having, as the principal con- I stituents, nickel, chromium, iron and carbon, the proportions of the" nickel being 30 per cent, those of the chromium being 11 per cent, those of the iron being 58 per cent, and those of the carbon being 0.15 per cent, the balance being manganese, silicon, sulphur, phosphorus and aluminium.

In testimony whereof,I afiix my signature.

' HARRY ETCHELLS. 

